Showing posts with label thought process. Show all posts
Showing posts with label thought process. Show all posts

Sunday, 7 February 2016

Teaching style,Learning style and student attainment

Multiple intelligence and it’s influence
As I started writing this post, a thought loomed…will the readers be hooked on to reading this article till the end?
May be few of you will look for images associated to the topic, while others might look for some video link related to my post and a few might look for catchy phrases highlighted in bold words to obtain the main idea of this article. Some of you may scroll down to see if I have included any activity that would interest your students. I think, I should even explore the idea of including an audio version of this content.
Why should I consider all these possibilities? Well, this explains the theory of multiple intelligence and the learning style of every reader who reads this article.
I would like to begin this week’s article with a virtual handshake to each and every teacher out there in the field. I look up on teachers’ as …
Talented,
Enthusiastic,
Ambitious,
Charismatic,
Holistic,
Energetic and a
 Resourceful person who makes a difference in students’ life
With all these qualities inbuilt in them, over a period of time through experiences and knowledge gain, there is always a vacuum some where in the heart and mind that doesn’t  allow them to completely take the credit of the value add they do through teaching.
If only I knew how to make him understand that multiplication is just repeated addition!
If only I knew how to make that girl focus during this video session?
If only I knew how to help her in learning to balance that chemical equation?
Often a teacher feels guilty of not being able to figure out, why some children can’t attain maximum potential. When will these children reach the threshold of self- learning?
Let me digress to another scene which is just like our own class room the only difference being we listen and some one else conducts that session. Yes, it’s nothing but the teacher training workshop that we attend as a part of professional development programme.
(Anna university teachers at ‘dealing with stress’ workshop)
Have you ever wondered when we attend an in-service workshop conducted at school or elsewhere, there is a standard flow of events during the course of the workshop.
  • A talk by renowned personality
  • PPT with visual clips and /or audio
  • There is a group discussion and presentation, it could be a group presentation or individual the choice is given to the attendees,
  • Finally, there is feedback or brainstorming on how this could be applicable in our classrooms
An adult workshop is planned so carefully keeping in mind that, in a huge crowd of teachers there could be people with different learning styles. Some will verbally read and learn newer things, some pick cues from visual aids, a few who will participate only during group discussions( and are not comfortable to speak in the crowd) and last but not the least there are individuals who may take away the crux only towards the end of workshop during the summation.
It is apparent that “Each of us do learn, in one way or the other”. “Each of us possess one or more intelligence as innate quality”
Well I am sure you can link this with our own student group too!
To represent this pictorially,
As teachers, we need do a bit of self analyzing of our own learning style first to maximize the learning outcome of students.There is a valid reason behind this. It is obvious that the way we are comfortable in learning, influences to a greater extent in our lesson planning too.If you can associate yourself to any one of these styles given above, you know how most of your sessions are going to be.You could even share the lesson plan you make with your colleague to check if there are variety in approaches and in testing.
Some tips that can help you maximize your learner’s learning is to work in collaboration with other teachers. It can be planned as,teachers who handle other subject areas for same grade or teachers who handle same subject area in other sections. By allowing other teacher of same subject expertise to take few of your sessions, students will benefit from different teaching styles.This idea of exchanging sessions can be done either at the introduction stage of the new topic or towards the end while revisiting(revising) the topic . In my experiences I have seen students come up with some points that you may not have taught them.They even mention how and when they learnt it.This implies there was another method from where the student learnt it.
You could be an expert in content delivery (linguistic/verbal intelligence), well your peer could be excellent in conducting a quiz or a game based on the concept(kinesthetic or logical intelligence).An art teacher who has the artistic intelligence can motivate a child to illustrate their understanding based on the academic topic where as an English teacher who has linguistic intelligence may help with framing sentences for definitions or give a better choice of words for explanations. An art teacher can even motivate children to include comic strips and cartoons in a creative writing session.This might interest student to write. I am only suggesting few changes here and there which we tend to over look or even assume its not our zone of teaching.
It’s a community of students, so we too must attend to them as community of teachers and not as an individual who is solely responsible for his/her growth.
When we as an individual possess one or more intelligence by nature, it is inevitable in an organisation like school where there are thousands of children, with different intelligence pooled together, I suggest that we initiate a different learning process for that child, tapping the right intelligence.
It is true that children blossom at different pace and to go by the saying,’ One Size Doesn’t Fit All’, let there be enough scope for various approaches in our teaching style.
Too much of play-way method will not satisfy a logic-smart student and repetitive problem solving methods  may not interest an art-smart student.
There is so much of thinking that happens and effort that goes in to every teacher’s session plans. A teacher must be conscious while making lesson plans, toprovide scope for teaching the same concept in different styles to maximize that ZPD.
Though the underlying principle is same when it comes to MI and different learning styles there is a difference conceptually.
Please check the following link to get more insight in to Multiple intelligence Vs Learning style.
All these research, established hypothesis are to support the teachers to be more successful in her/his aim of reaching students with ease.
My suggestion to teachers would be to plan their  formative assessment and every day task providing scope for MI concept. This will enable teachers to actually get proof of their student’s learning on whether they actually got the idea behind the lesson.
  • Are they good in concept ?
  • Is it only their ‘writing/presentation’ problem?
  • Can they represent it in flow chart or an illustration?
  • Will they explain it verbally in an organised fashion?
  • Can they depict their learning in a chart?
  • Will they be able to use concrete objects to express their understanding?
  • Will he remember the math tables if I encourage him/her to recite it?
Also think about collaborating with other teachers to share the sessions so that the different teaching & learning styles are considered.
Above all, “A teacher who teaches the student is preferred than a teacher who teaches the curriculum”.
Be smart. Be efficient. Be a continuous learner.

Monday, 25 January 2016

Questioning ,A Skill To Be Acquired

In my last blog I had discussed about the important skill a student needs to develop which is reading.Here I am going to share my thoughts on one of the effective strategy in teaching that is ‘Questioning’.
The art of questioning and powerful questioning methods dates back to Vedic ages, probably Mughal period and medieval periods too in the East, and to ages of Socrates in western culture. Socrates asked questions to his fellow Athenians in a dialectic method (the Socratic Method) which compelled the audience to think through a problem to a logical conclusion. Wherever used, questioning skills always leads a scholar to win over their opponents and to spread their ideologies and philosophies on a particular concept.
Their questioning patterns brought out the insight and deep knowledge they had. It also showcased the vast knowledge they had gained in their life time through education and experiences.
Questioning -Is it an art?  Does questioning involve a bit of science?
I think it has both in the process. I believe ‘Questioning’ has lead to clarity and wisdom. It has challenged assumptions, exposed contradictions, has paved path for new knowledge and theories.
As teachers,licensed person who gets the authority to spread knowledge and expel darkness from young minds, don’t they need to train themselves to use this powerful tool efficiently?
For instance if I were to ask you at the end of this article,
Did you understand what is questioning skill?(I may get these replies )
Yes I understood,
Some what I understood
 May be its important skill but still not clear.
There could be no response from few of you. You may not want to extend your replies more than the yes/no or just keep mum and wait for others to reply that.
Instead if I were to ask you…
Given that there are many ways to question students in class such as verbal/written/multiple choices or a subjective question, which questioning method would you prefer for your students and why?  
The moment you read the above question…
  • You will start processing in your mind and try to answer this by considering the age group of your learners, recalling your experiences in class, connect it with your peers experiences if they had shared it with you and many others factors.
  • You will also think of your recent classes where you had tried any of these and you will start justifying which worked better for you.
  • Your brain makes connections spontaneously without any external motivation to answer.
  • You are self motivated to answer this because you link it to yourself and your experience.
The way I inquire should make you recall/Identify/classify/justify your replies.It should make you speak few more words than a simple chorus yes/no
This was just an example for close ended and open ended questioning.
There has to be methodical approach in questioning too. This technique can be arrived based on Bloom’s taxonomy verbs. Renowned educational psychologist Benjamin Bloom’s had researched in 20th century on the classification of learning objectives and created purposeful verbs that a teacher can use while making her lesson plans. These verbs would guide her to be clear and specific about the objective of a particular session.
The complexity of questions should move from lower order questions to higher order questions.Here is why I consider ‘Questioning skill’ also involves scientific approach.
Of course there needs to be questions like…
What is the name of author? Who wrote this book? What book you read yesterday?
A good teacher should slowly shift this to divergent questions that will make them think and answer. Here we can make use of Bloom’s taxonomy verbs to make the shift from Lower order to Higher order thinking through questions.
It is imperative that a teacher must give importance to lower order questions and then move on to higher order.No where in studies and researches it is mentioned that teacher needs to rule out lower order questions.
Bloom’s Taxonomy provides a structure for developing questions that encourage students to think on different levels.  In order, from lower to higher the levels are:
  • Knowledge (facts, recall, recognition)
  • Comprehension (translation, interpretation, extrapolation)
  • Application (to new or unfamiliar situations)
  • Analysis (break into parts)
  • Synthesis (combine elements into a new pattern)
  • Evaluation (apply criteria to defend the conclusion)

Check out this link for more insights in to Bloom’s https://tlc.iitm.ac.in/PDF/Blooms%20Tax.pdf
It is essential that a teacher enters the classroom with planned questions and possible replies. At the same time, as she plans to ask open ended questions she also needs to have an in-depth knowledge on the topic to be discussed in the class. Many a times I have observed that if a teacher fails to sustain that interest of ‘probing by questioning’ method from a student’s end then the students slowly lose interest in the topic.
Here are few questions that can be asked to invite multiple replies and delve on discussions for enriched experience in a class room
  1. Is the boy happy or sad? Instead you can ask…
What kind of expression do you see on the boy’s face?
  1. Can you sort these objects in to big and small? Instead you can ask…
In what all ways you think these objects can be sorted?
  1. What is the name of our national bird? Instead you can ask…
A bird that can sense rain seeing dark clouds and can dance beautifully is our national bird. Can you guess the name?
 Any indirect clues that will make students imagine, relate to their learning, make connections, in turn even ask you back a question to verify and answer…
Training students to ask value added questions in a class  empowers them and makes them accountable for their own learning.Reward a student and acknowledge them if their question provokes a thought process in class discussion.
 Isn’t questioning skill a must for a teacher?
This is a close ended question. From here I should move on to higher order thinking questions…
Create few questions for your next session and classify them as closed ones and open ended ones.
Frame questions in such a way that brings out the best from a child. Plan your questions! Do expect a surprise and an ‘Aaha’ moment in your class.
(courtesy-wikipedia About bloom’s and classification of bloom’s)
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